Improvement in pyrometers



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AUGUSTUS H. SEYFERTH, OF BRUNSWICK, GERMANY.

IMPROVEMENT IN PYROMETERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 217,822, dated July 22, 1879 g application filed April 23, 1879.

cation thereof.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

This invent-ion consists in the combination, with a manometer, ot' a hollou7 leg which is closed at the bottom, a curved tube or siphon which connects at one end with the hollow leg, and at its opposite end with the manometer, an opening through which the hollow leg and also the curved tube or siphon can be charged with the liquid, and a scale on the manometer which is divided oft' to indicate the temperature corresponding' to the tension of the saturated vapors emanating i'rom the liquid in the hollow leg at such temperature, so that by insertin g said ,hollow leg into a space the temperature existing in said space can be read oft' from the scale ot' the manometer.

The operation of my pyrometer or thermometer depends upon the quality of saturated vapors-z'. c., ofsuch vapors which are still in contact with the liquid from which they are produced; that the tension of such saturated vapors bears a fixed and easily determined relation to the temperature of the liquid from which they emanate. At the same time the temperature of the liquid contained in a closed tube or vessel depends upon the temperature of the space surrounding said tube. lf, therefore, a closed tube or vessel of any suitable material is partially filled with a liquid-such, for instance, as mercuryso that the quantity of this liquid is sufficient to fill the remaining space of said tube with 'the saturated vapors' corresponding'to the existing temperature, and if said tube is connected with a manometer, the temperature of the surrounding space can be readily ascertained from the position of the indexiof the manometer.

In the drawings, the letter A designates a hollow leg or tube, which is partially filled with mercury or any other suitable liquid, as will be presently more fully explained. This leg connects at its open end with a curved tube or siphon, B, which is in direct connection with the manometer (l, and which is iilled with mercury or any other suitable liquid, so that when the instrument is used the heated vapors formedat high temperatures in the legA will not come in contact with the working parts of the manometer.

At the junction of the siphon B and the leg A is an opening, a, through which the liquid or liquids are introduced, and which can be closed by a suitable plug. It' the leg A and the siphon B are to be charged with different liquids, two openings, a a, may be provided,

which are separated from each other by a movable diaphragm, as is indicated in Fig. 2, so as to prevent the mixing of the liquids while the instrument is being charged.

The manometer may be constructed with a curved tube, or with an elastic diaphragm, or Y in any manner suitable for my purpose; and it is provided with an index and a scale to i11- dicate the temperature corresponding to the Vtension of the saturated vapors formed in the runs from 0 atmospheres -100 centigrade) to 20 atmospheres, (+1000 centigrade.)

3. From +350 centigrade to +1200 centigrade by charging the leg A with anhydrous ethylic ether, the siphon B being charged with mer cury. The scale of the manometer runs from 0 atmospheres (+350 centigrade) to 12 atmospheres, (+1200 centigrade.)

4. From +1000 centigrade to +2260 centigrade by charging the leg A and also the siphon B with distilled Water. The scale of the manometer runs from 0 atmospheres to 25 atmospheres, (+2260 centigrade.)

5. From +2160 centigrade to +3600 centigrade by charging the leg A and alsothe siphon Bwith heavyr petroleum, (boiling-point at 2160.) The scale of the manometer runs from 0 atmospheres to 50 atmospheres, (+3600 centigrade.)

6. From +3570 centigrade to +7600 centigrade by charging the leg A and the siphon B with mercury. The scale of the manometer runs from 0 atmospheres to 100 atmospheres, (+7550 centigrade 5) or, if the scale of the manometer is to indicate only temperatures from 3570 to 5140, it runs from 0 to 10 atmos` pheres, and to obtain ascale showing temperatures from 3570 to 6680 it runs vfrom 0 to 45 atmospheres. l

Insteadof the liquids above named all other liquids may be used which have their boilingpoints below the temperatures to be measured, and do not become decomposed by the heat or by contact with the Walls of the'leg.

rlhe leg A may be brought in a vertical position, as shown in Fig. 1, or inan inclined position, as shown in Fig. 2, and the instrument, as above described, may be connected to a vacuum-meter in order to determine the temperature and the degree of vacuum in a vacuum-pan, and if the composition of the boiling mass is known its vdrying substance can be ascertained.

My instrument can be introduced into the water of a steam-boiler in order to measure the temperature of the water, and it can be connected to an alarm, which is sounded when' the temperature of the water reaches a certain limit, so as to indicate the fact that the water begins to be superheated. At the same time the pressure of the steam in the boiler can be ascertained.

It is obvious that the construction of my instrument admits of great variety of modifications.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure 'by Letters Patent, is

The combination, with a manometer, of a hollow leg which is closed at the bottom, a curved tube or Siphon which connects at one a end with the hollow leg and at its opposite end with the manometer, an opening through which the hollow leg and also the siphon can be charged with liquid, and a scale on the manometer which is divided oft' to indicate the temperature corresponding to the tension of the saturated vapors emanating Jfrom the liquid in the hollow leg at such temperature, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I hereunto set my hand and seal this 3d day of March, 1879.

DR. AUeUsrUs H. sEYFERTH. [1.. 5.]

Witnesses:

WILLIAMS C. Fox, J ons. KRACKE. 

